Guide

Mahjong Solitaire Layouts

A layout is the shape the tiles are stacked into. It is not just decoration: the arrangement decides how many tiles are free at once and how easily you can strand yourself, which is what really sets a board's difficulty.

Why the shape matters

A flat, open layout leaves lots of tiles playable, so you always have choices - forgiving. A tall, tightly-stacked layout buries most tiles, so only a few are free at any moment and a careless match can trap the rest. The famous Turtle is the classic middle ground; everything else is a variation on how open or how buried the tiles are.

Four sizes, not one

A full 144-tile board is a 10-25 minute sitting. Some days you have that, and some days you have four minutes, so every layout here comes in one of four sizes - 36, 72, 108 or 144 tiles - and there is a Daily at each of them. The smaller boards are not training wheels: they are the same game at a length that fits a coffee break, and on a phone they are the only sizes with tiles big enough to tap comfortably.

Within each size the boards are ordered gently first. We measure that rather than guess it: a bot plays every layout thousands of times and we record how often it clears the board. A lower rate does not mean the board takes more skill - it means the board is easier to strand, which is a different thing and the one worth warning you about.

Full boards - 41 of them

All 144 tiles - the standard game, and the only ones the classics come in. About 10 minutes a board.

Turtle
The classic five-layer shell - the board people mean by "mahjong solitaire".
Silk Moth
Four wing panels around a small body - a moth at rest, and the gentlest full board in the game.
Butterfly
Four wings around a thin body, with wing-spot pillars. Wide open edges make it the gentlest board here.
Serpent
A snake doubled back on itself, head raised over the coil.
Brushstroke
One broad diagonal stroke of the brush, flicked back at the end.
Sumo Ring
A square ring with the ground marked out inside it.
Tide Flats
What the sea leaves behind it twice a day, cut by its channels.
Crane
A crane in flight: wings spread wide, long neck, trailing legs. A raised body ridge runs down the middle.
Pyramid
Three centred tiers, readable all the way down.
Sailing Junk
A tall-sailed junk: a triangular sail over a rounded hull.
Ridgeline
Two summits and the saddle between them.
Scorpion
Legs down both flanks and a tail curled over the back - the only board with tiles on every half-step.
Moon Bridge
A steep arched bridge with its two piers below. Three storeys through the span.
Delta
The river letting go of itself before the sea.
Twin Peaks
A wide plaza with two low towers.
Cascade
Water dropping down a narrow cut - tall rather than wide, so the tiles stay large.
Anchorage
Hulls riding at anchor off the harbour mouth.
Koi
A carp seen from above - rounded body, forked tail - stacked four deep at the spine.
Puzzle Box
Three square frames threaded through each other, like the panels of a puzzle box.
Cat
A cat sitting front-on - ears, round head, folded paws.
Gorge
Two cliff walls with the road running between them.
Temple
A hall under a roof far wider than it, standing on its pillars.
Pine Avenue
The planted pines that lined the road, three of them over it.
The Crossing
The seven-ri ferry over the bay, where the road stops being a road.
Breaking Wave
Rising from the right and curling over to the left.
Rainstorm
Rain coming in on the slant, every course stepped further across than the one above.
Lantern
A paper lantern: rounded body, tapered top and base, ribbed four layers deep.
The Capital
Blocks and streets, on the grid Kyoto was laid out to.
Bonsai
A trained pine: broad canopy, bare trunk, and a wide pot beneath it.
Shrine
Roof, hall and veranda in three tiers.
Moonlight
The disc hanging over the water, and the track it lays on it.
Peony
A wide open flower, four petals and a raised centre.
City Gate
The way in, and everything stacked up either side of it.
Thunderhead
The storm cloud standing up over the road.
Cactus
A tall column with two arms, standing in its pot. The narrowest full board, so the tiles stay large.
Mount Fuji
The mountain the whole road is walked in sight of. The snowcap is free from the start.
Kokeshi
A round head on a turned body, wide at the foot - a painted wooden doll.
Torii
A shrine gate: two heavy beams across the top, twin uprights, flared feet. Only two storeys, but the beams bury a lot of tiles.
Heart
Six layers deep at the centre, which makes it the hardest board here.
Snowfield
Flat, wide and untouched - the most open full board in the game.
Folding Fan
A fan opened wide: a broad ribbed top narrowing to the pivot, with a flat spine across the crown.

Medium boards - 52 of them

108 tiles: the step down from a full board, without being a quick one. About 5 minutes a board.

Bamboo Grove
Stems run up past where you can see the tops.
Pagoda
Five roofs, each smaller than the one below.
Tsuzumi
Two bowls meeting at a narrow waist.
Chrysanthemum
Petals at the four corners around a raised heart.
Maple Leaf
A maple leaf with its stem - lobed at the top, tapering to a point.
Temple Bell
A hanging bell, ribbed down its body, with the clapper below.
Labyrinth
A thick outer wall, an empty passage, and a block at the centre.
Switchback
The road doubling back on itself up the pass.
Bay
An arm of land closed almost all the way round the water.
Ford
Two banks built up either side, and the stones you cross on between them.
Lone Peak
One cone rising out of flat ground, with two channels up its flanks.
Helmet
A bowl with two horns off the brow.
Checkpoint
The sekisho barrier, walls either side of the road through it.
Cedar Avenue
The planted cryptomeria closing over the road.
Heron
Standing on two legs, neck folded back, head raised.
Moat
Water carried the whole way round the keep.
Gateway
A heavy gatehouse: three courses of stone over twin piers.
Watchtower
A tower stepping in as it rises, double-height below.
Crest
A rounded crest, banked in the middle.
Windbreak
A planted line taking the weather off the fields.
Harbour
A breakwater closed almost the whole way round.
Headland
A promontory running out into the sea.
Inn Yard
Rooms on three sides of an open court.
Salt Marsh
Creeks cut through the flats.
Hillside
One long slope up to a summit, steeper on the near side.
Lantern Row
Votive lanterns set in a line along the approach.
Tortoiseshell
A domed shell, plated in three rings.
Dunes
The sand ridges behind the beach.
Plum Grove
Four trees over open ground.
Valley
Two slopes running down to meet.
Tatami
A full mat with four terraces stepped up from it.
Stockade
Split posts driven in a line.
Teahouse
A stepped roof over a wide floor.
Castle
A keep on a battered stone base.
Pavilion
A tiered roof over an open hall.
Hot Spring
A stone-lined pool with the steam standing off it.
Quay
A wharf with the bollards standing along its edge.
Shoals
Banks standing just clear of the water.
Terrapin
A rounded shell in three plates, the smallest on top.
Roof Tiles
Courses of kawara laid to break joint, the way a roof has to be.
Sandbar
Low, wide and open.
Estuary
The river mouth opening out into the flats.
Drum Tower
The drum that struck the hours, up where it carried.
Courtyard
Walls around an open court, arcaded on three levels.
Rice Paddy
Flooded terraces, wide and shallow.
Warehouse
A kura with its doors standing open.
Embankment
A bank thrown up along one side of the road.
Cistern
A deep stone tank, empty.
Tea Terraces
Cut into the hillside, each course stepped back.
Rampart
A wall run long, with the towers standing up out of it.
Barrier
A single bar down across the road, and everything waiting at it.
Rice Store
The crop up off the ground and out of the damp.

Short boards - 43 of them

72 tiles - half a board, and about a quarter of the time. About 3 minutes a board.

Reeds
Three clumps standing at their own heights.
River Stones
Stepping stones set across the ford, laid by eye rather than by rule.
Beetle
A rounded shell, narrowing at both ends.
Fish Trap
A woven funnel, wide mouth to closed tail.
Sparrow
A sparrow with its wings out and tail fanned.
Twin Piers
Two piers with a walkway across the middle.
Waterfall
A narrow fall that spreads into the pool at its foot.
Crab
A crab: rounded shell, claws raised, legs out behind.
Pine
A pine in three tiers, tapering to a point.
Mooring
Two posts standing off a quay.
Lotus
A lotus on the water - broad petals around a stepped heart.
Sampan
A flat-bottomed river boat under a tall sail.
Banner
A tall cloth hung down a pole.
Stone Arch
A thick stone arch on two heavy piers.
Stone Lantern
Roof, light box, shaft and footing.
Stone Steps
A flight going down to a single tread.
Pine Torch
A flame carried on a long handle.
Sedge Hat
The conical traveller's hat, brim to crown.
Ripple
A frame, a ring, and a raised centre - three rings out from a drop.
Granary
A storehouse raised clear of the ground on posts.
Kettle
A round body with the spout out to one side.
Spiral
A square coil folded in on itself, hollow at the middle.
Drum Bridge
The steep humped bridge, hollow under the arch.
Palanquin
A covered box slung between two carrying poles.
Lattice
Three window bars with the gaps left open, stacked into a grille.
Sluice
A long open channel with the water running down it.
Post Inn
Rooms round a courtyard, the way a shukuba inn was built.
Hearth
The sunken irori, open in the middle of the floor.
Cloud
A flat-bottomed bank of cloud, piled up in the middle.
Brazier
A bowl of coals standing on two feet.
Shrine Gate
A torii head on - the curved lintel, the tie beam, and a plinth at the foot.
Drum
Two wide rims pinched into a waist.
Hedge
Clipped low and long, with the gate cut through it.
Ferry
A hull with a cabin amidships.
Terrace
Three clean terraces, one inside the next.
Causeway
A raised road laid across the shallows, drifting the way a built-up bank does.
Cart Wheel
A rim, a felloe and a hub.
Salt Pan
Shallow flats raked out to dry.
Wisteria
A raceme hanging off a heavy head.
Packhorse
A load strapped over a body, four legs under it.
Sea Wall
Courses of stone stepped back against the water.
Weir
A dam wall with the sluices open under it.
Cargo
Two stacks of crates roped down.

Quick boards - 32 of them

36 tiles. Big tiles, one sitting, and hard to lose. About 1 minutes a board.

Bamboo
Three stalks out of one bed; the middle one grows taller.
Eight-Plank Bridge
Planks laid alternately left and right, the way the zigzag bridge crosses the iris marsh.
Raft
Lashed logs, and the only board in the game with nothing stacked on anything.
Straw Sandal
The narrowest board in the game, so the tiles come out twice the usual size.
Stepping Stone
A single stone across a stream, arched over two piers.
Gourd
The dried hyotan a traveller carried water in, pinched at the waist.
Twins
Two little towers joined by a walkway.
Inkstone
A slab with the ink well sunk into one end.
Signpost
A marker post on a wide footing - the gentlest board in the game.
Dragonfly
Two pairs of wings, a long tail, one raised thorax.
Cicada
Folded wings over a tapering body.
Rice Bale
A straw bale with its binding cords showing.
Crescent
A thick new moon, two layers all the way round.
Well Head
The square curb of a well, two courses of stone and nothing in the middle.
Pouch
A drawstring purse, gathered at the neck.
Koban
The oval gold coin, with its square hole.
Ginkgo Leaf
The fan-shaped leaf, notched at the top, on a short stem.
Blossom
A single open flower - a round bed with a raised centre.
Pinwheel
Four arms set turning - the same shape rotated four times.
Kite
A diamond kite with a short tail.
Paper Umbrella
A domed canopy over a straight handle.
Acorn
A fat acorn with its cap on and a stub of stalk.
Water Bucket
Staves tapering to a base, four courses deep.
Boxwood Comb
A solid back with four teeth hanging clear of each other.
Chestnut
A round shell coming to a point.
Minnow
A little fish, one ridge along its back.
Clog
A wooden sole standing on its two teeth.
Pebble
A small worn mound, three tiers deep. The gentlest board in the game.
Teacup
A cup on its saucer, three storeys of it.
Milestone
The ichirizuka mound, one every league along the road, with its marker stone.
Sail
One corner of canvas, taken by the wind.
Small Gate
A shrine gate in miniature: two beams, two legs, flared feet.

The Daily rotates through them on a Monday-easy to Sunday-hard ramp, and Free play lets you pick any of the 168 and play as long as you like.

Try a layout →